Building block



G. PILATI BUILDING BLOCK Filed Ma June 16, 1925;

2 Sheets-Sheet 1 jfVlY/OP Gae'i' 0 Filai'i [96)" 5 Attorney.

June 16, 1925.

G. PILATI BUILDING BLOCK .Filed May 21. 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 In renterGaefa o Pilaf/l June 16, 1925' V emeritus: rrmrrr, or smas es, ITALY.

BUIILDING BLOCK.

Application. area May 21;

To all whom it may concern:

Be itiknown. that GAIQTANOPILATI, subject of the King of Italy, residingat Florence, Italy, has invented certainsneW-l and useful Improvementsin lluilding: Blocksmf which the tollowingisa-spccification;

The present inventionrelates to perfo 'ated elementstor building;purposes. Thesev elements are madeof; any suitable mixtures,

for instance of concrete-, cement,"etc., and are characterized. by.their being doubly 111- .terlockingg. that is-ito. say, they are formedin .such a manner as to i admit of their inter.-

locking botlrhorizonta'lly and vertically.

Tliieuelements are perforated for the. sake ofleconomy and lightness,and. inorder to impart tothe structures in which they are used,resistancewt'o atmospheric influences, such as heat, sound, etc. i

The perforations or apertures may correspond vertically one to anotheror noti'ln the first case, the insulating.airmaycirculateWllillll'lrtllfi walls. lngthe' second: case, on the other hand, therewill be a number of insulating zones, having'no communication with eachother. Besides affording insulation, the apertures or perforations mayserve the purpose of containing framing stays or the training itself. 7

Moreover, the apertures may be multiple, in which case they may eitherbe parallel to each other and in alignment or staggered so asnever atany point to present-a straight line, or they may also be single, i. e.in a row.

The vertical and transverse interlocking or jointing in the laying ofthe elements provide spaces for the mortar, so that the mortar usedenters ashaped cavity having large surface of adhesion.

The horizontal omtlngs, on the contrary, present flat surfaces, overwhich the mortar may be spread with ease.

The elements may be made in various shapes and arrangements- In theaccompanying drawings several examples of the commonestarrangements aregiven, as are also indicated a few examples of construction andjointing.

In said drawing Fig. 1 shows in a front view. and in cross section,respectively, elements with three staggered rows of apertures; Fig. 2shows, in horizontal section, two of said elements interlocked. Fig. 8shows in trout view and in cross section, re-

1S2 i. Serial No; 714,869.

spe'etively, an element having three apertures parallel'to and in linewith each other. Fig et slmws, inhorizontal section, two of saidelements joined together. Fig. 5 is a transverse*sectioir showing anelement provided at its lower part with three parallel apertures andprovided at its upper part wit-ha single gap capable of cont ainmg;v thehorizontal beams or the l1ke,-of the building. 4 Fig. (5 shows in plantwo such ele-.

mentsconnected together.

' :Fig. 7 shows in front view; andin cross section respectively; a typeof element pro,- vided with three staggered apertures of which; thecentral ones have passages, wheretheside ones-areblind; i

Fig. 8 shows it plan and horizontal secs tionfview of two such. elementsconnected together... i T

Fig. 9 showsiir front view in section and in plan,..respectively, anelement for the apertures.

Fig. 10 represents, respectively, in section, in side view and in planview, an element especially suitable for the reception of outer shuttersor sun-blinds.

Fig. 11 indicates in perspective an example oi construction withelements arranged in staggered relation with respect to each other; Fig.12 is another example in perspective in which are clearly shown theintercommunicating apertures only; and Fig. 13 shows in plan a type ofconstruction with elements having three parallel aligned apertures.

From the drawing it is apparent that the elements a-, a- (Figs. 1 and 2,3 and at) present vertical, multiple grooves Z)- 7)Z) and longitudinallateral protuberances ccwhich are in communication with the upper skewnotches --(Z-(Z-- likewise lateral.

Both the element according to Figs. 1 and 2 and the element according toFigs. 3 and 4; are provided with blind apertures, stag.- gered in thefirst case, and in the second case, aligned and parallel. The aperturesare rendered blind by means of a membrane .r this membrane may easily bebroken through when the apertures are meant to conm'iunicate, or for anyother reason.

7 In Fig. 5 the element a is divided into two parts; the lower partbeing provided angles: of easements, with three staggered with blindapertures, as usual, whilst the upper part is provided with a gap esuitable for the reception of the metallic beam or reinforcement -fofthe building.

The projections c-0-, and the grooves (Z*d are similar to those shown inFigs. 1, 2, 3 and a.

Figs. 7 and 8 show an element which also has three staggered apertureswith a single transverse groove g. This element, too, is provided withprojections -cc and grooves d-dwhich are longitudinal.

Fig. 9 is an element suitable for the construction of casement angles,provided with a single transverse groove g and with apertures.

Fig. 10 is an element of the same type as the foregoing, but adapted toreceive in the empty space 7z1- a sliding shutter.

In the examples of the modes of appli cation according to Figs. 11, 12and 13, the blocks are seen connected, superposed and cemented together.

In Figs. 11 and 13 are further shown examples of vertical reinforcements?Z-'1 located in special vertical gaps Z.

With this system of elements I obtain a structure which is rigid owingto the fact that, laterally, I have superposed connections, viz: d and-e. Moreover, the upper surfaces of the elements may be spread over witha uniform and smooth layer of mortar, which on receiving the blockimmediately above it, containing the blind apertures, penetrates to acertain extent into these blind apertures forming a strong connectionespecially suited to resist the strain due to lateral thrust.

In order to open the blind apertures, for the purpose of receivingvertical framing or for ventilation, etc., the membrane should be brokenthrough, in any manner, as is shown at mm in Fig. 11.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

A hollow interlocking building block having between its side faces aplurality of rows of vertical apertures of circular cross-section, flatside faces thereon, ridges and grooves formed on the end faces of theblock to interlock with adjacent blocks and to provide pockets formortar, depending ridges extending from end to end of the lower marginalside edges of the block, grooves extending from end to end of the uppermarginal side edges of the block for the reception of the ridges on theblock resting thereon, and a flat recess in the under face of theblockbetween said ridgesfor containing the mortar when the blocks are inassembled position.

GAETANO PILATI.

In'presence of:

Vmenas CAroNr, CAB'ULLO BRUNO MANN U601.

